{"v":1,"ledgerId":"bps","generatedAt":"2026-11-06T06:41:21.866Z","query":"(TITLE:(\"Bisphenol S\" OR \"BISPHENOL S\" OR \"4,4-SULFONYLDIPHENOL\" OR \"80-09-1\") OR ABSTRACT:(\"Bisphenol S\" OR \"BISPHENOL S\" OR \"4,4-SULFONYLDIPHENOL\" OR \"80-09-1\")) AND (TOXICITY OR EXPOSURE OR \"ENDOCRINE\" OR \"REPRODUCTIVE\" OR CARCINOGEN* OR \"BIOMONITORING\" OR \"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW\") AND SRC:MED AND LANG:eng","totalPapers":1294,"lastYearPapers":159,"analysed":37,"byFunding":{"independent":18,"industry":0,"mixed":0,"none_declared":0,"unclear":19},"byDesign":{"human":9,"animal":14,"in_vitro":7,"review":0,"other":7},"byFinding":{"concern":29,"no_effect":7,"mixed":1},"gap":{"independent":{"concern":14,"total":18},"industry":{"concern":0,"total":0}},"fundingSources":{"full_text":3,"grant_metadata":21,"abstract":0,"none":13},"newestPublished":"2026-10-31","papers":[{"id":"pmid:42966291","pmid":"42966291","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.121001","title":"Bisphenol S facilitates breast cancer progression through DRP1-mediated mitophagy.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-10-31","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Bisphenol S exposure accelerated breast cancer progression and metastasis in mice and enhanced cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro via DRP1/PINK1-mediated mitophagy.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42963360","pmid":"42963360","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1038/s41370-026-01000-3","title":"Investigation of individual and cohort-level temporal changes to legacy and emerging endocrine disrupting chemical exposures and their relationship with birth outcomes.","journal":"Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology","published":"2026-10-30","design":"human_cohort","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Bisphenol S urinary levels increased over time between two New York City pregnancy cohorts, with no reported adverse associations between bisphenol S and gestational age or birthweight.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42911320","pmid":"42911320","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s11356-026-38324-4","title":"Risk assessment of bisphenol A and its analogues via breast milk within a select population of lactating women in South Korea: A multi-method approach for reducing exposure assessment uncertainty.","journal":"Environmental science and pollution research international","published":"2026-10-22","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Analysis of breast milk from 203 Korean mothers detected BPS in 28% of samples, with individualized assessment identifying infant subgroups with exposures exceeding 1000 ng/kg bw/day.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42918740","pmid":"42918740","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/01480545.2026.2745056","title":"Neonatal exposure to bisphenol A and bisphenol S induces reproductive toxicity without altering sexual differentiation of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus in female rats.","journal":"Drug and chemical toxicology","published":"2026-10-22","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Chronic developmental exposure to bisphenol S in female rats caused reproductive and endocrine toxicity, disrupting folliculogenesis and hormone levels, despite no observed effect on neonatal AVPV differentiation.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42905298","pmid":"42905298","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s10266-026-01596-w","title":"Time-dependent changes in salivary bisphenol A and bisphenol S concentrations during clear aligner therapy: a prospective clinical study.","journal":"Odontology","published":"2026-10-21","design":"human_cohort","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Salivary BPS concentrations varied over 21 days during clear aligner therapy, with the lowest levels observed on Day 14, without establishing material-specific release or systemic exposure.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42857987","pmid":"42857987","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2026.2741618","title":"Effects of environmental estrogen on the development of pulmonary inflammatory response in a murine model of older adults.","journal":"Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis","published":"2026-10-10","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Bisphenol S exposure via drinking water promoted airway hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in allergen-sensitized older mice.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42941737","pmid":"42941737","pmcid":"PMC13704305","doi":"10.3390/ijms27208961","title":"Integrated Network Toxicology, Molecular Dynamics Simulation and In Vitro Assays Identify EGFR, ESR1 and IGF1 as Core Mediators of Bisphenol S-Exacerbated Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.","journal":"International journal of molecular sciences","published":"2026-10-09","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"BPS suppressed viability and proliferation of KGN cells and upregulated EGFR, ESR1, and IGF1, indicating molecular mechanisms that could exacerbate polycystic ovary syndrome.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42836715","pmid":"42836715","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2026.2701456","title":"Aggregate risk assessment of bisphenols A, S, and F among the general Korean population.","journal":"Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment","published":"2026-10-06","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"An aggregate risk assessment found that bisphenol A, S, and F exposures in the general Korean population are well within health-based guidance values.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Institute of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42931665","pmid":"42931665","pmcid":"PMC13709647","doi":"10.3390/toxics14100878","title":"Perinatal Bisphenol S Exposure Induces Hepatotoxicity in Female Rat Offspring: Insights into Disrupted Hepatic Cholesterol Homeostasis.","journal":"Toxics","published":"2026-09-30","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Perinatal exposure to BPS in rats resulted in increased body weight, impaired liver function, and disrupted hepatic cholesterol homeostasis in female offspring.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42815331","pmid":"42815331","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120868","title":"Integrating network toxicology, molecular modeling, and in vitro experiments to reveal potential targets and mechanism of BPS-induced osteoporosis.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-09-30","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"In vitro exposure of MC3T3-E1 cells to BPS reduced calcium deposition, inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity, and downregulated osteogenic markers and hub targets related to osteoporosis.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42790849","pmid":"42790849","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125767","title":"First and second trimester concentrations of environmental phenols in association with gestational weight gain in the ECHO cohort.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-09-25","design":"human_cohort","finding":"mixed","summary":"First-trimester urinary concentrations of BPA and other phenols were associated with greater gestational weight gain in the ECHO cohort, whereas second-trimester associations were generally null.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIH\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42766133","pmid":"42766133","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s00592-026-02794-2","title":"Beyond medication adherence: bisphenol exposure and its relationship with good glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.","journal":"Acta diabetologica","published":"2026-09-21","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Plasma BPS levels were positively associated with HbA1c in 382 individuals with type 2 diabetes after adjusting for non-modifiable factors.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42734623","pmid":"42734623","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/10837450.2026.2734054","title":"Engineered nanostructured lipid carrier encapsulating thymoquinone and resveratrol to prevent Bisphenol S induced cytotoxicity.","journal":"Pharmaceutical development and technology","published":"2026-09-21","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Thymoquinone and resveratrol co-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers protected NRK-52E cells against bisphenol S-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial depolarization.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42772166","pmid":"42772166","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110534","title":"Bisphenol S exacerbates high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in offspring: insights from a multi-tissue systemic lipidomic and proteomic atlas.","journal":"Environment international","published":"2026-09-19","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Perinatal BPS exposure exacerbated high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in offspring mice, disrupting lipid and protein metabolism across multiple tissues.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Natural Science Foundation\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42717042","pmid":"42717042","pmcid":"PMC13558292","doi":"10.1007/s00418-026-02535-0","title":"Differential impact of bisphenol S on human arterial endothelial cells from healthy and type-2 diabetic donors: a high-content imaging study.","journal":"Histochemistry and cell biology","published":"2026-09-09","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure to low-dose bisphenol S altered endothelial cell morphology and subcellular organization in human arterial endothelial cells, with distinct responses between healthy and diabetic donor cells.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42700599","pmid":"42700599","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143499","title":"Left BLP to dmPFC circuit dysfunction underlies autism-like behaviors induced by prenatal and lactational Bisphenol S exposure.","journal":"Journal of hazardous materials","published":"2026-09-03","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Prenatal and lactational Bisphenol S exposure induced autism-like behaviors and disrupted functional connectivity between the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in mice.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42727482","pmid":"42727482","pmcid":"PMC13689746","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110488","title":"Prenatal exposure to a mixture of non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals and attention and hyperactivity symptoms in children in the ECHO cohort.","journal":"Environment international","published":"2026-08-29","design":"human_cohort","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Prenatal exposure to an endocrine-disrupting chemical mixture including bisphenol S was not associated with ADHD symptoms in preschool-aged or school-aged children in the ECHO cohort.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIH\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42664871","pmid":"42664871","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110482","title":"Bisphenol mixture impairs offspring social memory via an H4K8 Lactylation-Fyn-Microglial synaptic pruning axis.","journal":"Environment international","published":"2026-08-25","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Maternal exposure to an environmentally relevant bisphenol mixture impaired offspring social memory via an H4K8 lactylation-Fyn-microglial synaptic pruning pathway.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Key Research and Development Program\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42623750","pmid":"42623750","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120687","title":"Puerarin alleviates bisphenol S induced neurobehavioral impairments via remodeling the gut-brain axis and activating the BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-08-20","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Bisphenol S exposure induced neurobehavioral impairments, gut dysbiosis, mucosal barrier disruption, and synaptic damage in male mice, which were alleviated by puerarin.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42628448","pmid":"42628448","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2026.130488","title":"Target quantification and ion mobility-HRMS suspect screening of BPA and its alternatives in human urine.","journal":"Talanta","published":"2026-08-20","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A UHPLC-MS/MS and IM-HRMS method was developed to quantify and screen BPA and alternative bisphenols in urine, detecting widespread exposure in 25 healthy volunteers.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42612744","pmid":"42612744","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2026.116344","title":"Assessment of reproductive risks of bisphenol S in male BALB/c mice through functional histological and multi-omics investigations.","journal":"Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association","published":"2026-08-18","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Prolonged exposure of male mice to bisphenol S impaired sperm motility, induced testicular germ cell apoptosis, and disrupted steroidogenesis and prostaglandin signaling pathways.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Department of Science and Technology\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42623786","pmid":"42623786","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110467","title":"Plastic-associated chemicals on vulvar skin - Dermal exposure and effects on keratinocytes.","journal":"Environment international","published":"2026-08-17","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"BPS was detected in underwear fabric and vulvar skin swabs, but estimated daily dermal exposures did not exceed established limits.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42594467","pmid":"42594467","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143297","title":"Carbon‑sulfur metabolic shift in sludge anaerobic digestion system induced by bisphenol S: Interfacial behavior and microbial network restructuring.","journal":"Journal of hazardous materials","published":"2026-08-12","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Bisphenol S altered carbon-sulfur metabolism during sludge anaerobic digestion, inhibiting methanogenesis at higher concentrations, increasing hydrogen sulfide production, and triggering reactive oxygen species generation.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Key Research and Development\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42575397","pmid":"42575397","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110654","title":"Bisphenol S causes deficits in social behaviour by disrupting serotonergic and BDNF-CREB1 signaling pathways.","journal":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP","published":"2026-08-10","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Developmental exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of BPS reduced social preference and disrupted serotonergic and BDNF-CREB1 signaling pathways in zebrafish larvae.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42571834","pmid":"42571834","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125392","title":"Abnormal glucose metabolism and muscle mass decline by bisphenol A or bisphenol S in skeletal muscle of male mice:inhibition of mitophagy by downregulation of the ERα/AMPK/ULK1 pathway.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-08-09","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure to BPS via drinking water impaired skeletal muscle glucose metabolism, reduced muscle mass, and inhibited mitophagy via ERα/AMPK/ULK1 downregulation in male mice.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42556776","pmid":"42556776","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2026.116310","title":"Integrative bioinformatics and docking-based in silico toxicity assessment of plastic additives: Insights into neurotoxic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risks and associated molecular pathways.","journal":"Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association","published":"2026-08-05","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Network toxicology and molecular docking indicated that bisphenol S interacts with PTGS2 and other core targets, highlighting potential carcinogenic, reproductive, and neurological risks.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42740345","pmid":"42740345","pmcid":"PMC13648127","doi":"10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e37","title":"Association between delivery-food consumption frequency and urinary bisphenol concentrations among Korean adults: a nationally representative study (Korean National Environmental Health Survey cycle 5, 2021-2023).","journal":"Annals of occupational and environmental medicine","published":"2026-07-30","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Delivery-food consumption frequency was positively associated with creatinine-adjusted urinary bisphenol S concentrations in a nationally representative study of 4,275 Korean adults.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42520954","pmid":"42520954","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.yrtph.2026.106193","title":"Prioritizing emerging contaminants in tropical riverine systems: An integrated approach using ecological and human health risk indices.","journal":"Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP","published":"2026-07-29","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Bisphenol A was detected in Malaysian rivers at concentrations up to 837 ng/L and prioritized as a high-concern contaminant using ecological and health risk indices.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42740344","pmid":"42740344","pmcid":"PMC13648147","doi":"10.35371/aoem.2026.38.e36","title":"Association between urinary bisphenol levels and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study using the fourth Korean National Environmental Health Survey.","journal":"Annals of occupational and environmental medicine","published":"2026-07-27","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"A cross-sectional study of 2,639 Korean adults found that the highest tertile of urinary bisphenol S concentration was significantly associated with increased odds of metabolic syndrome.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42501909","pmid":"42501909","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2026.105117","title":"Characterization of ovine granulosa cell-derived extracellular vesicles and their miRNA cargo following in vitro exposure to bisphenols A and S.","journal":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","published":"2026-07-25","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"In vitro exposure of ovine granulosa cells to bisphenol S altered the expression of specific cellular and extracellular vesicle microRNAs.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42480690","pmid":"42480690","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2026.116289","title":"Bisphenol S disrupts neuronal morphogenesis in human neural cells by overactivating NMDA receptor-Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling.","journal":"Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association","published":"2026-07-21","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Bisphenol S disrupted neurite complexity, impaired synaptogenesis, and promoted apoptosis in differentiating human embryonic stem cells by overactivating NMDA receptor-mediated calcium signaling.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Provincial\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42472612","pmid":"42472612","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125272","title":"Unveiling the landscape of BPS derivatives in urine from eastern and western Chinese population.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-07-19","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Analysis of 317 urine samples from three Chinese cities revealed widespread exposure to BPS derivatives, with estimated daily intakes suggesting relatively low human exposure.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42442651","pmid":"42442651","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110617","title":"Short communication: Differential effect of Bisphenol S, on stress and proteasome markers, during early development of Xenopus laevis tadpoles.","journal":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP","published":"2026-07-13","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of Xenopus laevis tadpoles to bisphenol S altered levels of Hsp90, Hsp27, and the proteasome marker Rpn10 during early development.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42425033","pmid":"42425033","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.107924","title":"Bisphenol A alternatives (BPS and BPAF) disrupt anti-predatory behavior and intergenerational behavioral responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio).","journal":"Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","published":"2026-07-04","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Direct larval exposure and paternal exposure to BPS altered visual locomotor responses in zebrafish offspring.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Research Foundation\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42632720","pmid":"42632720","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119878","title":"Quantitative evaluation of bisphenol A, S, and F migration from canned beverages: impact of storage conditions and associated health risk assessment.","journal":"Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)","published":"2026-06-27","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"BPS, BPA, and BPF migrated from canned soft drinks with levels increasing over time and temperature, yielding hazard indices exceeding one in acidic beverage groups.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42009370","pmid":"42009370","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1002/jat.70210","title":"Comparative Dose-Dependent Effects of Bisphenol A, F, and S on Testicular Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Reproductive Hormones in Rats.","journal":"Journal of applied toxicology : JAT","published":"2026-04-20","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of male rats to BPA, BPS, and BPF induced DNA damage, altered oxidative stress parameters, and decreased testosterone levels.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42498366","pmid":"42498366","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2025.10.026","title":"Association between gut microbiota composition and liver dysfunction in school-aged children exposed to triclosan.","journal":"Journal of environmental sciences (China)","published":"2025-10-21","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Co-exposure to an endocrine-disrupting chemical mixture including bisphenol S was positively associated with elevated AST/ALT ratios in school-aged children.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false}],"substitution":{"claim":"BPA-free receipts","original":{"label":"BPS","papers":1499},"replacements":[{"label":"Pergafast 201","papers":14}]},"model":"gemini-3.8-flash","run":{"aiCalls":0,"cachedPapers":40,"offTopic":3,"inputTokens":0,"outputTokens":0}}