{"v":1,"ledgerId":"cyclic-silicones","generatedAt":"2026-11-05T21:20:13.198Z","query":"(TITLE:(\"Cyclic Silicones\" OR \"CYCLOTETRASILOXANE\" OR \"CYCLOPENTASILOXANE\" OR \"CYCLOHEXASILOXANE\" OR \"556-67-2\") OR ABSTRACT:(\"Cyclic Silicones\" OR \"CYCLOTETRASILOXANE\" OR \"CYCLOPENTASILOXANE\" OR \"CYCLOHEXASILOXANE\" OR \"556-67-2\")) AND (TOXICITY OR EXPOSURE OR \"ENDOCRINE\" OR \"REPRODUCTIVE\" OR CARCINOGEN* OR \"BIOMONITORING\" OR \"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW\") AND SRC:MED AND LANG:eng","totalPapers":25,"lastYearPapers":2,"analysed":12,"byFunding":{"independent":4,"industry":1,"mixed":0,"none_declared":0,"unclear":7},"byDesign":{"human":2,"animal":3,"in_vitro":2,"review":0,"other":5},"byFinding":{"concern":6,"no_effect":5,"mixed":1},"gap":{"independent":{"concern":2,"total":4},"industry":{"concern":0,"total":1}},"fundingSources":{"full_text":2,"grant_metadata":4,"abstract":0,"none":6},"newestPublished":"2023-07-13","papers":[{"id":"pmid:37443030","pmid":"37443030","pmcid":"PMC10339575","doi":"10.1186/s12986-023-00744-1","title":"Chorionicity-associated variation in metabolic phenotype of cord blood in twin.","journal":"Nutrition & metabolism","published":"2023-07-13","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Decamethyl-cyclopentasiloxane (D5) levels in twin umbilical cord plasma were positively correlated with birthweight.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:35863877","pmid":"35863877","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1002/jat.4369","title":"Developmental effects of siloxane exposure in zebrafish: A comparison study using laboratory-mixed and environmental water samples.","journal":"Journal of applied toxicology : JAT","published":"2022-07-29","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of zebrafish larvae to D4 and D5 resulted in stress-like behaviors, reduced swimming velocities, and complete mortality after 10 days postfertilization.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:32599732","pmid":"32599732","pmcid":"PMC7355424","doi":"10.3390/pharmaceutics12060586","title":"Ex Vivo Human Skin is not a Barrier for Cyclic Siloxanes (Cyclic Silicones): Evidence of Diffusion, Bioaccumulation, and Risk of Dermal Absorption Using a New Validated GC-FID Procedure.","journal":"Pharmaceutics","published":"2020-06-24","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Ex vivo human skin experiments showed that cyclic siloxanes D4 and D5 diffuse through skin layers into receptor fluid, indicating potential bioaccumulation and uncontrolled absorption into circulation.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"European Union\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:31923663","pmid":"31923663","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136277","title":"Toxicity identification and evaluation of palm oil mill effluent and its effects on the planktonic crustacean Daphnia magna.","journal":"The Science of the total environment","published":"2019-12-26","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Analysis of palm oil mill effluent identified cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes including D4 and D5, with D4 detected at levels of 0.0148 to 0.0357 mg/L alongside observed effluent toxicity.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:31889955","pmid":"31889955","pmcid":"PMC6936766","doi":"10.5194/acp-19-1649-2019","title":"Physical properties of secondary photochemical aerosol from OH oxidation of a cyclic siloxane.","journal":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","published":"2019-02-08","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Decamethyl-cyclopentasiloxane (D5) oxidation by OH radicals produced organosilicon aerosols characterized by low hygroscopicity and low volatility up to 190 °C.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIEHS\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:29121563","pmid":"29121563","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.140","title":"Benthic invertebrate exposure and chronic toxicity risk analysis for cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes: Comparison of hazard quotient and probabilistic risk assessment approaches.","journal":"Chemosphere","published":"2017-10-28","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Comparison of field sediment and biota concentrations to chronic toxicity thresholds indicated no risk to benthic invertebrates from D4 and D5, and negligible to no risk from D6.","funding":"industry","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["industry: \"Dow\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:28092230","pmid":"28092230","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1177/0748233716670061","title":"Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4).","journal":"Toxicology and industrial health","published":"2017-01-01","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Chronic inhalation of D4 in rats caused liver, kidney, respiratory, and uterine effects, including endometrial adenomas at 700 ppm, establishing a workplace exposure limit of 10 ppm.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:22247236","pmid":"22247236","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1177/1091581811428184","title":"Safety assessment of cyclomethicone, cyclotetrasiloxane, cyclopentasiloxane, cyclohexasiloxane, and cycloheptasiloxane.","journal":"International journal of toxicology","published":"2011-12-01","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A safety review concluded that cyclic siloxanes, including cyclotetrasiloxane and cyclopentasiloxane, show minimal percutaneous absorption, lack irritation or sensitization potential, and are safe in cosmetics.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:11217769","pmid":"11217769","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1021/ac000738z","title":"Determination of low molecular weight silicones in plasma and blood of women after exposure to silicone breast implants by GC/MS.","journal":"Analytical chemistry","published":"2001-02-01","design":"human_case_control","finding":"mixed","summary":"GC/MS analysis detected elevated levels of cyclic siloxanes, including D4, in the plasma and blood of women with silicone breast implants compared to controls.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:10918355","pmid":"10918355","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1002/1098-2280(2000)36:1<13::aid-em3>3.0.co;2-z","title":"Genetic toxicity evaluation of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.","journal":"Environmental and molecular mutagenesis","published":"2000-01-01","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane demonstrated no significant mutagenicity or clastogenicity across Salmonella typhimurium assays, Chinese hamster ovary cell assays, and an in vivo rat inhalation chromosome aberration study.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:9924013","pmid":"9924013","pmcid":"PMC1566344","doi":"10.1289/ehp.99107161","title":"Cyclosiloxanes produce fatal liver and lung damage in mice.","journal":"Environmental health perspectives","published":"1999-02-01","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Intraperitoneal injection of cyclosiloxane mixtures or D4 alone in female CD-1 mice caused lethality, lung and liver lesions, liver cell necrosis, and increased hydroxyl radical formation.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:9613806","pmid":"9613806","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00105-1","title":"Protein denaturation induced by cyclic silicone.","journal":"Biomaterials","published":"1997-12-01","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"In vitro incubation with octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) induced denaturation, conformational changes, and precipitation of fibronectin and fibrinogen proteins.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false}],"model":"gemini-3.8-flash","run":{"aiCalls":24,"cachedPapers":0,"offTopic":12,"inputTokens":18027,"outputTokens":3244}}