{"v": 1, "ledgerId": "dehp", "generatedAt": "2026-11-05T20:38:51.892Z", "query": "(TITLE:(\"DEHP\" OR \"DIETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE\" OR \"DIBUTYL PHTHALATE\" OR \"117-81-7\") OR ABSTRACT:(\"DEHP\" OR \"DIETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE\" OR \"DIBUTYL PHTHALATE\" OR \"117-81-7\")) AND (TOXICITY OR EXPOSURE OR \"ENDOCRINE\" OR \"REPRODUCTIVE\" OR CARCINOGEN* OR \"BIOMONITORING\" OR \"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW\") AND SRC:MED AND LANG:eng", "totalPapers": 4970, "lastYearPapers": 420, "analysed": 35, "byFunding": {"independent": 17, "industry": 0, "mixed": 0, "none_declared": 0, "unclear": 18}, "byDesign": {"human": 1, "animal": 19, "in_vitro": 4, "review": 0, "other": 11}, "byFinding": {"concern": 30, "no_effect": 4, "mixed": 1}, "gap": {"independent": {"concern": 15, "total": 17}, "industry": {"concern": 0, "total": 0}}, "fundingSources": {"full_text": 4, "grant_metadata": 16, "abstract": 0, "none": 15}, "newestPublished": "2026-11-02", "papers": [{"id": "pmid:42971459", "pmid": "42971459", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129445", "title": "Behavior-weighted wearable passive sampling of personal airborne phthalate exposure among university students.", "journal": "Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)", "published": "2026-11-02", "design": "human_cross_sectional", "finding": "no_effect", "summary": "A behavior-weighted wearable passive sampler measured airborne phthalate exposures in 27 students, finding DEHP and DnBP as major contributors to inhalation intake.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"Ministry of\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42962534", "pmid": "42962534", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.repbio.2026.101296", "title": "CH5 benzothiazole schiff base protects against DEHP-induced testicular injury via involvement of COX-2-associated inflammatory signaling and spermatogenesis recovery in adult zebrafish.", "journal": "Reproductive biology", "published": "2026-10-30", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure induced testicular damage and reproductive toxicity in adult male zebrafish, which was mitigated by therapeutic administration of the benzothiazole Schiff base derivative CH5.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42955427", "pmid": "42955427", "pmcid": "PMC13719833", "doi": "10.1007/s10661-026-16107-1", "title": "Integrated environmental assessment of plastic pollution in the S\u00e3o Francisco River estuary, Brazil.", "journal": "Environmental monitoring and assessment", "published": "2026-10-29", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Dibutyl phthalate was detected in 67% of water samples from the S\u00e3o Francisco River estuary in Brazil, with highest concentrations found at an urbanized site.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento\""], "fundingSource": "full_text", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42956881", "pmid": "42956881", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.cbi.2026.112407", "title": "Chronic neurotoxicity of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) at no observed adverse effects level (NOAEL)-range doses induces neurobehavioral disorders in adult zebrafish.", "journal": "Chemico-biological interactions", "published": "2026-10-29", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Chronic exposure to DEHP at NOAEL-range doses for four weeks induced neurobehavioral disorders, impaired learning and memory, and altered brain neurotransmitter levels in adult zebrafish.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42951237", "pmid": "42951237", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.cbi.2026.112395", "title": "Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exacerbates psoriasis-like skin inflammation and is associated with interleukin-17A signaling and S100A9/FABP5 upregulation in keratinocytes.", "journal": "Chemico-biological interactions", "published": "2026-10-28", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure exacerbated imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice and was associated with increased S100A9, FABP5, and IL-17A-related signaling in keratinocytes.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42970921", "pmid": "42970921", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.144031", "title": "Cross-media partitioning, sources, and health risks of phthalate esters in campus indoor air and PM<sub>2.5</sub>.", "journal": "Journal of hazardous materials", "published": "2026-10-26", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Analysis of campus air and PM2.5 identified bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as the primary contributor to carcinogenic risk and dibutyl phthalate as a priority compound for cross-media control.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42945801", "pmid": "42945801", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2026.154725", "title": "Vickeline NambaBisfenol A, bisfenol F e DEHP remodel the transcriptome of a human 3D placenta model.", "journal": "Biochemical and biophysical research communications", "published": "2026-10-16", "design": "in_vitro", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Exposure of a human 3D placental model to DEHP altered the expression of 497 genes, affecting pathways related to proteostasis and epigenetic regulation, and increased protein carbonylation.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42849851", "pmid": "42849851", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.115449", "title": "Microenvironment-informed carrier-free maltol-arginine nanoparticles harness CAT2-associated arginine transport for spermatogenic disorders.", "journal": "Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society", "published": "2026-10-08", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP-induced testicular injury altered arginine transport and microenvironment, while maltol-arginine nanoparticles targeted these changes to improve Leydig cell function and sperm quality in mice.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42949313", "pmid": "42949313", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1021/acs.jafc.6c08805", "title": "Exploring the Mechanism of DEHP Promoting Hepatic Fibrosis Based on Network Toxicology by Triggering Lipophagy-Dependent Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation.", "journal": "Journal of agricultural and food chemistry", "published": "2026-10-01", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Subchronic DEHP exposure induced dose-dependent hepatic fibrosis in mice, while its metabolite MEHP triggered lipophagy-dependent hepatic stellate cell activation in vitro.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42790004", "pmid": "42790004", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.theriogenology.2026.118202", "title": "Niacin alleviates dibutyl phthalate-induced impairment of porcine oocyte quality.", "journal": "Theriogenology", "published": "2026-09-22", "design": "in_vitro", "finding": "concern", "summary": "In vitro exposure to dibutyl phthalate impaired porcine oocyte quality, mitochondrial function, and embryonic developmental competence, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, which were attenuated by niacin.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42744185", "pmid": "42744185", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.tox.2026.154588", "title": "Embryonic dibutyl phthalate exposure disrupts sertoli cell glycolipid metabolism to drive premature spermatogenesis in PND 22 male offspring: A role for the AMPK/autophagy axis.", "journal": "Toxicology", "published": "2026-09-15", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Embryonic DBP exposure enhanced testicular glycolipid metabolism and promoted premature spermatogenesis in male offspring via Sertoli cell AMPK-autophagy and fatty acid oxidation pathways.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42727807", "pmid": "42727807", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.envpol.2026.129068", "title": "Curcumin attenuates DEHP-induced splenic immunotoxicity in chicks: involvement of Mfn2-mtROS-associated mitochondrial homeostasis.", "journal": "Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)", "published": "2026-09-11", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure induced splenic immunotoxicity, growth impairment, and mitochondrial dysfunction in chicks, which was mitigated by curcumin via modulation of Mfn2-mtROS mitochondrial homeostasis.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42748881", "pmid": "42748881", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.108018", "title": "Identifying targets and mechanisms of endocrine disruptor-induced sex-specific toxicity: Integration of network toxicology and medaka experimental evidence.", "journal": "Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)", "published": "2026-09-10", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Exposure of Japanese medaka to DEHP and propylparaben induced sex-specific disruption of the brain-gonad-liver axis, altering gonadosomatic index, hormone concentrations, and hepatic vitellogenin levels.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42748689", "pmid": "42748689", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.151032", "title": "Aptamer-mediated charge neutralization and aggregation of gold nanorods for fast visual monitoring of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in foods and its release from PET containers.", "journal": "Food chemistry", "published": "2026-09-06", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "A gold nanorod aptamer sensor detected di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in food and showed that PET bottles released DEHP above regulatory limits after reheating cycles.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"Department of Science and Technology\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42674152", "pmid": "42674152", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.fct.2026.116353", "title": "Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate upregulate PPARG and induce metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma cells: a pan-cancer and metabolomics study.", "journal": "Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association", "published": "2026-08-31", "design": "in_vitro", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP and MEHP upregulated PPARG, increased lipid accumulation, and induced metabolic reprogramming in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42637184", "pmid": "42637184", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110665", "title": "Astaxanthin alleviates dibutyl phthalate-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish larvae by regulating mitophagy.", "journal": "Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP", "published": "2026-08-24", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Dibutyl phthalate caused cardiac dysfunction in zebrafish and apoptosis in human cardiomyocytes, which was mitigated by astaxanthin through regulation of mitophagy.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42603583", "pmid": "42603583", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128962", "title": "Maternal co-exposure to polystyrene microplastics and DEHP impairs thyroid function in adult rat offspring.", "journal": "Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)", "published": "2026-08-15", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Maternal co-exposure to polystyrene microplastics and DEHP disrupted thyroid function, altered HPT axis gene expression, and shifted gut microbiota composition in adult rat offspring.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42600913", "pmid": "42600913", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.fct.2026.116336", "title": "Topical exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate aggravates atopic dermatitis: an integrated network toxicology, bioinformatics, and experiment analysis.", "journal": "Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association", "published": "2026-08-14", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Topical exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exacerbated atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice by promoting endothelial adhesion and immune-cell infiltration.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42600383", "pmid": "42600383", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.105089", "title": "Microplastics as a source of phthalate esters in water: A review on occurrence, release mechanism, and ecological risk assessment.", "journal": "Journal of contaminant hydrology", "published": "2026-08-12", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Microplastics release DEHP and DBP into aquatic environments, contributing to elevated ecological risk quotients and increasing chemical exposure in aquatic organisms following ingestion.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42556776", "pmid": "42556776", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.fct.2026.116310", "title": "Integrative bioinformatics and docking-based in silico toxicity assessment of plastic additives: Insights into neurotoxic, reproductive, and carcinogenic risks and associated molecular pathways.", "journal": "Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association", "published": "2026-08-05", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Network toxicology and molecular docking indicated that bisphenol S interacts with PTGS2 and other core targets, highlighting potential carcinogenic, reproductive, and neurological risks.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42520326", "pmid": "42520326", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120194", "title": "Occurrence, bioaccumulation and trophodynamics of legacy and alternative phthalate esters (PAEs) in a coastal marine food web: Contamination investigation, hypothesized influencing factors and human exposure risk assessment.", "journal": "Marine pollution bulletin", "published": "2026-07-28", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Investigation in Zhifu Bay found di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was the predominant phthalate congener in marine organisms and the primary contributor to carcinogenic risk via seafood consumption.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42710442", "pmid": "42710442", "pmcid": "PMC13572206", "doi": "10.1016/j.psj.2026.107494", "title": "Curcumin attenuates di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced hepatic injury in chicks via oxidative stress, glycolysis, and PANoptosis-related signaling.", "journal": "Poultry science", "published": "2026-07-26", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure induced hepatic injury, histological damage, oxidative stress, and PANoptosis in chickens, effects that were mitigated by curcumin supplementation.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "full_text", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42497967", "pmid": "42497967", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.tiv.2026.106288", "title": "Transcriptomic analysis identifies key genes and mechanisms involved in dibutyl phthalate-induced alteration in hepatic stellate cells.", "journal": "Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA", "published": "2026-07-24", "design": "in_vitro", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Dibutyl phthalate exposure in hepatic stellate cells disrupted transcriptomic equilibrium and activated endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and calcium signaling pathways.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"University\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42480368", "pmid": "42480368", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120169", "title": "Plankton-mediated coupling of phthalate esters across seawater, biota, and sediments in the northern Persian Gulf: Industrial vs urban coasts.", "journal": "Marine pollution bulletin", "published": "2026-07-21", "design": "other", "finding": "no_effect", "summary": "Measurements of phthalate esters in the northern Persian Gulf demonstrated high bioaccumulation of DEHP and DBP in plankton and biologically mediated transfer to sediments.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42363979", "pmid": "42363979", "pmcid": "PMC13694283", "doi": "10.1007/s00204-026-04487-9", "title": "PBK modelling of phthalates and their metabolites and the application in next generation risk assessment.", "journal": "Archives of toxicology", "published": "2026-06-27", "design": "other", "finding": "mixed", "summary": "Physiologically based kinetic models for DBP, DEHP, and their metabolites showed that incorporating metabolites markedly reduced bioactivity-exposure ratios compared to parent compounds alone.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "full_text", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42263806", "pmid": "42263806", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.yrtph.2026.106160", "title": "Monte Carlo-simulation risk assessment of oral exposure to bisphenols and phthalates via consumption of carbonated drinks from Iranian market.", "journal": "Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP", "published": "2026-06-09", "design": "other", "finding": "no_effect", "summary": "Monte Carlo risk assessment of phthalates including DEHP in carbonated beverages from Iran showed no appreciable non-carcinogenic risk and negligible carcinogenic risk.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42252051", "pmid": "42252051", "pmcid": "PMC13344834", "doi": "10.1016/j.tox.2026.154523", "title": "Lipid dysregulation in mouse ovarian antral follicles after oral exposure to a human relevant mixture of three phthalates.", "journal": "Toxicology", "published": "2026-06-06", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Oral exposure to a phthalate mixture altered antral follicle lipid profiles, increased free fatty acids, and modified lipid homeostasis enzyme expression in adult female mice.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Institute of Environmental Health\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42191001", "pmid": "42191001", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.jnutbio.2026.110423", "title": "Quercetin reverses DEHP-induced ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis in thymus by targeting NF-\u03baB to regulate the TNF-\u03b1/ROS signaling pathway.", "journal": "The Journal of nutritional biochemistry", "published": "2026-05-25", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure induced oxidative stress and ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis causing thymus tissue damage in chickens, which was reversed by quercetin via NF-\u03baB/TNF-\u03b1/ROS pathway regulation.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42175563", "pmid": "42175563", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1002/jat.70247", "title": "Pharmacological Attenuation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Restores Sexual Behavior and Spermatogenesis in DEHP-Exposed Male Wistar Rats.", "journal": "Journal of applied toxicology : JAT", "published": "2026-05-22", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure in male Wistar rats impaired sexual behavior and spermatogenesis, increased oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and induced testicular anomalies, which were attenuated by 4-PBA.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:41947754", "pmid": "41947754", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1080/01480545.2026.2655697", "title": "Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced renal toxicity and its amelioration by 4-phenylbutyric acid.", "journal": "Drug and chemical toxicology", "published": "2026-04-08", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Oral exposure to DEHP in rats induced renal dysfunction, oxido-nitrosative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, effects that were mitigated by 4-phenylbutyric acid.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:41911926", "pmid": "41911926", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1002/jat.70182", "title": "Phthalate Esters in Different Beverages From Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria: Concentrations and Health Risk Assessment.", "journal": "Journal of applied toxicology : JAT", "published": "2026-03-30", "design": "other", "finding": "no_effect", "summary": "Analysis of beverages in Nigeria detected DEHP and DBP, but health risk assessment indicated negligible non-carcinogenic risks with hazard quotients below one.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:41841177", "pmid": "41841177", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1002/jat.70153", "title": "Integrated Analysis of Metabolomics and Proteomics Reveals the Potential Mechanism of Lung Injury Induced by Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate.", "journal": "Journal of applied toxicology : JAT", "published": "2026-03-17", "design": "other", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Exposure to DEHP and its metabolite MEHP decreased cell viability, induced inflammation and fibrosis, and disrupted metabolic and proteomic pathways in vitro and in vivo.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:41840940", "pmid": "41840940", "pmcid": "PMC12997468", "doi": "10.1080/07853890.2026.2643496", "title": "Dibutyl phthalate exposure induces thyroid toxicity through follicular cell pyroptosis <i>via</i> the NRF2/KEAP1/NF-\u03baB pathway.", "journal": "Annals of medicine", "published": "2026-03-16", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Subchronic oral exposure to dibutyl phthalate in male mice induced thyroid dysfunction, oxidative stress, and follicular cell pyroptosis via NRF2/KEAP1 suppression and NF-\u03baB activation.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""], "fundingSource": "full_text", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:42822958", "pmid": "42822958", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1016/j.jes.2026.03.012", "title": "Species-Specific molecular mechanisms of DEHP toxicity in earthworms revealed by integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics.", "journal": "Journal of environmental sciences (China)", "published": "2026-03-07", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "DEHP exposure caused significant tissue injury, transcriptomic alterations, and metabolic disruptions in two earthworm species, with Metaphire guillelmi demonstrating higher susceptibility than Eisenia foetida.", "funding": "unclear", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": [], "fundingSource": "none", "verified": false}, {"id": "pmid:41757750", "pmid": "41757750", "pmcid": "", "doi": "10.1002/tox.70060", "title": "DEHP Exposure Affects Mitochondrial Function During Ovarian Follicle Development.", "journal": "Environmental toxicology", "published": "2026-02-27", "design": "animal", "finding": "concern", "summary": "Exposure of mice to DEHP inhibited ovarian development, disrupted mitochondrial dynamics, and caused oxidative stress and apoptosis through Sirt3/Sod2 and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways.", "funding": "independent", "conflictOfInterest": false, "fundingEvidence": ["public: \"Province\""], "fundingSource": "grant_metadata", "verified": false}], "substitution": {"claim": "DEHP-free", "original": {"label": "DEHP", "papers": 6464}, "replacements": [{"label": "DINP", "papers": 665}, {"label": "DIDP", "papers": 268}]}, "model": "gemini-3.8-flash", "run": {"aiCalls": 38, "cachedPapers": 2, "offTopic": 5, "inputTokens": 24968, "outputTokens": 5043}}