{"v":1,"ledgerId":"lilial","generatedAt":"2026-11-05T21:38:47.567Z","query":"(TITLE:(\"Lilial\" OR \"BUTYLPHENYL METHYLPROPIONAL\" OR \"LILIAL\" OR \"P-BMHCA\" OR \"80-54-6\") OR ABSTRACT:(\"Lilial\" OR \"BUTYLPHENYL METHYLPROPIONAL\" OR \"LILIAL\" OR \"P-BMHCA\" OR \"80-54-6\")) AND (TOXICITY OR EXPOSURE OR \"ENDOCRINE\" OR \"REPRODUCTIVE\" OR CARCINOGEN* OR \"BIOMONITORING\" OR \"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW\") AND SRC:MED AND LANG:eng","totalPapers":24,"lastYearPapers":4,"analysed":18,"byFunding":{"independent":7,"industry":0,"mixed":0,"none_declared":0,"unclear":11},"byDesign":{"human":3,"animal":2,"in_vitro":5,"review":0,"other":8},"byFinding":{"concern":8,"no_effect":9,"mixed":1},"gap":{"independent":{"concern":3,"total":7},"industry":{"concern":0,"total":0}},"fundingSources":{"full_text":3,"grant_metadata":9,"abstract":0,"none":6},"newestPublished":"2026-08-22","papers":[{"id":"pmid:42641348","pmid":"42641348","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110474","title":"Characterization of fragrance profiles in air fresheners and health risk assessment from their inhalation exposure.","journal":"Environment international","published":"2026-08-22","design":"other","finding":"mixed","summary":"Lilial in air fresheners exceeded safety thresholds in Tier 1 screening, but hazard quotients fell below 1 under Tier 2 realistic inhalation exposure scenarios.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42260659","pmid":"42260659","pmcid":"PMC13343663","doi":"10.1186/s13071-026-07427-9","title":"Acaricidal efficacy and biochemical effects of Cananga odorata essential oil and three selected compounds against Haemaphysalis doenitzi (Acari: Ixodidae).","journal":"Parasites & vectors","published":"2026-06-08","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Lilial exhibited acaricidal toxicity against Haemaphysalis doenitzi via fumigation and immersion, inhibiting GST and AchE activities and upregulating HDABCE1 expression.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:41801035","pmid":"41801035","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/15376516.2026.2640479","title":"Toxicological perspectives on potential mixture toxicity of alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde and lilial in consumer products.","journal":"Toxicology mechanisms and methods","published":"2026-03-09","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"A review examining available data on Lilial and alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde highlights individual toxicities and potential mixture effects on steroidogenesis and cellular stress responses.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:40972849","pmid":"40972849","pmcid":"PMC12525392","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122885","title":"Unraveling the environmental links to feline hyperthyroidism: Insights from silicone passive samplers.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2025-09-17","design":"animal","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Silicone pet tags detected higher concentrations of galaxolide and tonalide in cats with hyperthyroidism compared to euthyroid cats, though associations were not statistically significant.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Institute of Environmental Health\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:40651564","pmid":"40651564","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.07.006","title":"Fresh clothes, hard breaths: Laundry washing habits, detergents, softeners, and impaired respiratory functions in children with wheezing.","journal":"Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology","published":"2025-07-10","design":"human_case_control","finding":"concern","summary":"Butylphenyl methylpropional was found more frequently in laundry detergents used by children with wheezing than healthy controls, with additive-containing detergents associated with increased airway resistance.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:38215872","pmid":"38215872","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105563","title":"Prioritization of chemicals in personal care products based on persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) potential: An Indian perspective.","journal":"Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP","published":"2024-01-10","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Screening of personal care product chemicals using EPI Suite prioritized butylphenyl methylpropional in body lotions as Rank 1 for persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic potential.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Institute of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:37898679","pmid":"37898679","pmcid":"PMC10613275","doi":"10.1038/s41598-023-45598-y","title":"Toxicological investigation of lilial.","journal":"Scientific reports","published":"2023-10-28","design":"in_vitro","finding":"no_effect","summary":"In vitro assays across multiple cell lines found that lilial and its metabolites showed no cytotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic, nephrotoxic, or endocrine-disrupting effects up to 100 µM.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:36837654","pmid":"36837654","pmcid":"PMC9962961","doi":"10.3390/membranes13020151","title":"Odor Discrimination by Lipid Membranes.","journal":"Membranes","published":"2023-01-24","design":"in_vitro","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Racemic lilial and carvone enantiomers affected the fluidity and micro- and nanostructure of model phospholipid bilayer membrane systems.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Institutes of Health\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:33220982","pmid":"33220982","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128955","title":"Human biomonitoring in urine samples from the Environmental Specimen Bank reveals a decreasing trend over time in the exposure to the fragrance chemical lysmeral from 2000 to 2018.","journal":"Chemosphere","published":"2020-11-12","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Analysis of urine samples from 2000 to 2018 showed declining levels of lysmeral metabolites, with estimated daily intakes well below the lowest derived no-effect level.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:32763837","pmid":"32763837","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113594","title":"Metabolites of the fragrance 2-(4-tert-butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde (lysmeral) in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - Human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey 2014-2017 (GerES V).","journal":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","published":"2020-08-05","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Lysmeral metabolites were widely detected in urine samples from 2,133 German children and adolescents, with higher levels associated with personal care product, fragrance, and fabric softener use.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:32088960","pmid":"32088960","pmcid":"PMC7238409","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00428","title":"Interactions of TiO2 Nanoparticles with Ingredients from Modern Lifestyle Products and Their Effects on Human Skin Cells.","journal":"Chemical research in toxicology","published":"2020-03-05","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Incubation of neonatal normal human dermal fibroblasts with Lilial altered cellular glutathione contents, an effect independent of the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:31781257","pmid":"31781257","pmcid":"PMC6874985","doi":"10.1155/2019/9316707","title":"Qualitative Analysis of Air Freshener Spray.","journal":"Journal of environmental and public health","published":"2019-11-05","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry headspace analysis of four air freshener sprays identified undisclosed chemical components, including lilial.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:30415634","pmid":"30415634","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2018.1543232","title":"Determination of fragrance allergens and their dermal sensitization quantitative risk assessment (QRA) in 107 spray perfumes.","journal":"Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A","published":"2018-11-12","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Quantitative risk assessment of 107 perfumes revealed an acceptable-to-consumer exposure level ratio below 1 for lilial in women's perfumes, indicating skin sensitization risk.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:27633268","pmid":"27633268","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.09.005","title":"Human metabolism and excretion kinetics of the fragrance lysmeral after a single oral dosage.","journal":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","published":"2016-09-12","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Oral administration of lysmeral to healthy subjects resulted in peak urinary excretion of four metabolites within 2 to 5 hours, with excretion largely complete by 48 hours.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:27370687","pmid":"27370687","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s00216-016-9702-x","title":"A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the human biomonitoring of non-occupational exposure to the fragrance 2-(4-tert-butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde (lysmeral).","journal":"Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry","published":"2016-07-01","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A UPLC-MS/MS biomonitoring method was developed and validated to measure lysmeral metabolites in urine samples from 40 adult volunteers.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:19243479","pmid":"19243479","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1111/j.1610-0387.2009.07031.x","title":"Polyvalent type IV sensitizations to multiple fragrances and a skin protection cream in a metal worker.","journal":"Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG","published":"2009-02-10","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"A metalworker with chronic hand eczema was diagnosed with multiple type IV sensitizations, including to lilial.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:10692115","pmid":"10692115","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00896.x","title":"Regulation of cutaneous allergic reaction by odorant inhalation.","journal":"The Journal of investigative dermatology","published":"2000-03-01","design":"animal","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Inhalation of lyral/lilial weakly suppressed contact hypersensitivity and downregulated serum interleukin-12 without inducing plasma corticosterone in mice.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:1334554","pmid":"1334554","pmcid":"PMC50682","doi":"10.1073/pnas.89.24.11983","title":"Odor-induced phosphorylation of olfactory cilia proteins.","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","published":"1992-12-01","design":"in_vitro","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Stimulation of isolated rat olfactory cilia with lilial induced transient phosphorylation of a single 50,000 Da polypeptide.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false}],"model":"gemini-3.8-flash","run":{"aiCalls":22,"cachedPapers":1,"offTopic":5,"inputTokens":15267,"outputTokens":2991}}