{"v":1,"ledgerId":"oxybenzone","generatedAt":"2026-11-05T20:59:38.792Z","query":"(TITLE:(\"Oxybenzone\" OR \"BENZOPHENONE-3\" OR \"OXYBENZONE\" OR \"ETHYLHEXYL METHOXYCINNAMATE\" OR \"131-57-7\") OR ABSTRACT:(\"Oxybenzone\" OR \"BENZOPHENONE-3\" OR \"OXYBENZONE\" OR \"ETHYLHEXYL METHOXYCINNAMATE\" OR \"131-57-7\")) AND (TOXICITY OR EXPOSURE OR \"ENDOCRINE\" OR \"REPRODUCTIVE\" OR CARCINOGEN* OR \"BIOMONITORING\" OR \"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW\") AND SRC:MED AND LANG:eng","totalPapers":820,"lastYearPapers":68,"analysed":37,"byFunding":{"independent":21,"industry":1,"mixed":0,"none_declared":0,"unclear":15},"byDesign":{"human":8,"animal":13,"in_vitro":6,"review":1,"other":9},"byFinding":{"concern":25,"no_effect":8,"mixed":4},"gap":{"independent":{"concern":15,"total":21},"industry":{"concern":0,"total":1}},"fundingSources":{"full_text":4,"grant_metadata":21,"abstract":0,"none":12},"newestPublished":"2026-10-23","papers":[{"id":"pmid:42919945","pmid":"42919945","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s00204-026-04592-9","title":"Mechanistic pathways of cosmetic ingredient toxicity: a critical review of in vitro and in vivo evidence.","journal":"Archives of toxicology","published":"2026-10-23","design":"systematic_review","finding":"concern","summary":"A scoping review maps cosmetic ingredient toxicology, noting evidence linking benzophenone-3 to estrogen receptor activation, lower testosterone, and altered pubertal timing.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42863434","pmid":"42863434","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114905","title":"Health-related interpretation of human biomonitoring results - new and updated human biomonitoring guidance values from PARC and HBM4EU.","journal":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","published":"2026-10-12","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"PARC derived health-based human biomonitoring guidance values for 11 substances, including benzophenone-3, establishing exposure concentration thresholds below which no adverse health effects are expected.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Horizon Europe\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42829132","pmid":"42829132","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbi.2026.112372","title":"Chemical proteomic identification of STUB1 as a direct target of benzophenone-3 reveals disrupted NRF2 signaling in chondrocytes.","journal":"Chemico-biological interactions","published":"2026-10-03","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Benzophenone-3 binds STUB1 and disrupts NRF2 signaling, leading to extracellular matrix degradation, ferroptosis-associated changes, and cartilage toxicity in chondrocytes and mice.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42832941","pmid":"42832941","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143789","title":"Occurrence features, source apportionment, and exposure risks of organic ultraviolet absorbers in surface dust, soil, and PM<sub>2.5</sub> in a semi-arid industrial city of Xi'an, China.","journal":"Journal of hazardous materials","published":"2026-10-01","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Analysis of organic UV absorbers including ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate in surface dust, topsoil, and PM2.5 in Xi'an found human exposure risks were below non-carcinogenic risk thresholds.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42805361","pmid":"42805361","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110697","title":"Interactive effects of ocean acidification and benzophenone-3 on mussel physiology: A biomarker-based approach.","journal":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP","published":"2026-09-29","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of brown mussels to benzophenone-3 combined with ocean acidification decreased hemocyte viability and increased lipid peroxidation in the gills and digestive gland.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42790849","pmid":"42790849","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125767","title":"First and second trimester concentrations of environmental phenols in association with gestational weight gain in the ECHO cohort.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-09-25","design":"human_cohort","finding":"mixed","summary":"First-trimester urinary concentrations of BPA and other phenols were associated with greater gestational weight gain in the ECHO cohort, whereas second-trimester associations were generally null.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIH\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42715627","pmid":"42715627","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120771","title":"Benzophenone-3 promotes luminal breast cancer progression via activation of the ERα/E2F1/RPA3 axis.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-09-09","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Benzophenone-3 stimulates breast cancer cell proliferation and migration by upregulating RPA3 via the ERα/E2F1 transcriptional pathway.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42624387","pmid":"42624387","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109333","title":"Intrauterine benzophenone-3 exposure alters mammary gland architecture without impairing lactational performance.","journal":"Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","published":"2026-08-20","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Dermal exposure to benzophenone-3 during pregnancy altered alveolar size and myoepithelial cell density in F1 lactating mice without impairing milk production or offspring growth.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42733074","pmid":"42733074","pmcid":"PMC13572373","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-76563-8","title":"Carbon-rich carbon nitride for singlet-oxygen-driven photocatalytic degradation of benzophenone-3 and coral vitality recovery.","journal":"Nature communications","published":"2026-08-14","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"A carbon-doped carbon nitride photocatalyst degraded benzophenone-3 under simulated seawater conditions, leading to recovery of zooxanthellae density and coral-algal symbiosis.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Science Foundation\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42594469","pmid":"42594469","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143276","title":"Widespread environmental chemicals disrupt GRα and PPARγ signaling: Evidence from an integrated experimental and computational screening approach.","journal":"Journal of hazardous materials","published":"2026-08-11","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"In vitro assays demonstrated that benzophenone-3 enhanced GRα-dependent transcription and increased PPARγ-mediated transcription.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42503170","pmid":"42503170","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag121","title":"The applicability of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in aquatic hazard and risk assessments of cosmetic ingredients: a case study of UV filters.","journal":"Integrated environmental assessment and management","published":"2026-07-25","design":"other","finding":"mixed","summary":"New approach methodologies and in silico tools were evaluated to screen aquatic hazard and environmental risk for nine UV filters, including ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42907914","pmid":"42907914","pmcid":"PMC13688738","doi":"10.1186/s12967-026-08673-2","title":"The hidden effects of metabolism-disrupting agents on alcohol-related liver disease risk: an integrated epidemiological, machine learning, and network toxicology Analysis.","journal":"Journal of translational medicine","published":"2026-07-25","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Analysis of NHANES data found benzophenone-3 was positively associated with an increased risk of alcohol-related liver disease.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42447824","pmid":"42447824","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114861","title":"Exposure, risk, and potential sources of phthalates, alternative plasticizers, and phenolic compounds in Thai children: A two-region comparison study.","journal":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","published":"2026-07-14","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A cross-sectional study in Thai children measured urinary levels of chemicals, detecting benzophenone-3 with significantly higher concentrations in children from Chiang Rai compared to Suphan Buri.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42435492","pmid":"42435492","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2026.145030","title":"Toxicological evaluation of benzophenone-3 and its metabolite benzophenone-1 in TM3 Leydig cells.","journal":"Chemosphere","published":"2026-07-11","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Benzophenone-3 and benzophenone-1 induced concentration-dependent decreases in cell viability in TM3 mouse Leydig cells, with benzophenone-1 also increasing reactive oxygen species formation.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42431063","pmid":"42431063","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120480","title":"PI3K/Akt inhibition mediates benzophenone-3-induced chondrocyte apoptosis in pollutant-driven osteoarthritis.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-07-10","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Benzophenone-3 exposure in mice accumulated in knee joints, caused osteoarthritis-like cartilage damage, and induced chondrocyte apoptosis via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42425292","pmid":"42425292","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128754","title":"Widespread emerging and legacy contaminants across Alpine snow and surface waters revealed by non-target analysis.","journal":"Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)","published":"2026-07-09","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Non-target screening of Alpine snow and river waters tentatively identified 283 contaminants, including the UV filter oxybenzone.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"European Commission\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42419693","pmid":"42419693","pmcid":"PMC13484908","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2026.101393","title":"Dietary guidelines adherence and pregnancy exposure to 10 classes of priority chemicals: an observational study in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort.","journal":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","published":"2026-07-08","design":"human_cohort","finding":"concern","summary":"Higher adherence to dietary guidelines during pregnancy was associated with increased urinary concentrations of benzophenone-3.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIEHS\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42515159","pmid":"42515159","pmcid":"PMC13417754","doi":"10.3390/toxics14070594","title":"Oxybenzone (Benzophenone-3) Induces Antioxidant Responses and DNA Strand Breakage in <i>Aiptasia pallida</i>, a Coral Research Model Organism.","journal":"Toxics","published":"2026-07-06","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of Aiptasia pallida to oxybenzone increased catalase activity, altered glutathione levels, and induced DNA strand breakage.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University Edwardsville; Seed Grant\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42418997","pmid":"42418997","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.marenvres.2026.108233","title":"From mucus barrier disruption to cellular damage: Multiscale toxic effects of Benzophenone-3 on a reef-building coral.","journal":"Marine environmental research","published":"2026-07-04","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of Seriatopora caliendrum corals to benzophenone-3 caused concentration-dependent bleaching, zooxanthellae loss, oxidative stress, lysosomal instability, and compromised mucus integrity.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42852005","pmid":"42852005","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00011","title":"Multiomics Insights Linking Personal Care Products Exposure to Serum Lipid Profiles in Older Adults: The China BAPE Study.","journal":"Environmental health perspectives","published":"2026-07-02","design":"human_cohort","finding":"concern","summary":"A panel study of older adults found that exposure to personal care products, including benzophenone-3, was associated with altered serum lipid profiles and related immunometabolic disruptions.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42377509","pmid":"42377509","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04290-3","title":"Occurrence and Health Risk Assessment of Organic UV Filters in Freshwater Fish Species in Ibadan, Nigeria.","journal":"Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology","published":"2026-06-30","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Concentrations of UV filters including BP-3 were detected in Nigerian freshwater fish, but estimated human consumption hazard indices remained below safety thresholds across all age groups.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42947925","pmid":"42947925","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s43188-026-00364-w","title":"Risk assessment of benzophenone-3, a UV filter in cosmetics.","journal":"Toxicological research","published":"2026-06-10","design":"other","finding":"mixed","summary":"A risk assessment of benzophenone-3 determined that cosmetic use under current regulations is safe based on margin of safety calculations, despite observed systemic, reproductive, and photoallergic effects.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42263644","pmid":"42263644","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.119963","title":"Individual and combined exposures to polystyrene nanoplastics and benzophenone-3 induce developmental, behavioral and transcriptomic impairments in marine larval clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus).","journal":"Marine pollution bulletin","published":"2026-06-09","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of larval clownfish to benzophenone-3, alone and combined with polystyrene nanoplastics, impaired swimming speed, altered gene pathways, and combined exposure increased mortality and developmental defects.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Key Research and Development\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42250632","pmid":"42250632","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2026.105601","title":"The impact of avobenzone and oxybenzone on fibroblast and keratinocyte membranes. Searching for the role of lipids in the effect of UV filters on skin cells.","journal":"Chemistry and physics of lipids","published":"2026-06-05","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Oxybenzone and avobenzone affected the molecular organization of model lipid membranes and altered fibroblast and keratinocyte cell membranes in cell line models.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"European Commission\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42250845","pmid":"42250845","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.124971","title":"A review of environmental occurrence and toxicity of 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate and ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-06-05","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and other UV filters are widely detected in environmental matrices, bioaccumulate in organisms, and induce toxicity including endocrine disruption and plant growth inhibition.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42242537","pmid":"42242537","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128495","title":"Occurrence, size-fractionated distribution, and human exposure risks of organic ultraviolet absorbers in urban road dust across China.","journal":"Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)","published":"2026-06-03","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Benzophenone-3 was a dominant UV absorber in Chinese urban road dust, with estimated daily intakes via dermal absorption and ingestion indicating low non-carcinogenic human health risks.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:41712751","pmid":"41712751","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag047","title":"Probabilistic emissions model for organic UV filters released to recreational waters during swimming/bathing events.","journal":"Environmental toxicology and chemistry","published":"2026-06-01","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A probabilistic kinetic model estimated the mass of organic UV filters, including oxybenzone, released into recreational waters from sunscreen during swimming events.","funding":"industry","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["industry: \"Personal Care Products Council\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42226259","pmid":"42226259","pmcid":"PMC13248351","doi":"10.1186/s13690-026-01976-2","title":"Urinary concentration levels and health risk assessment of phthalates, parabens, benzophenone-3, bisphenols and triclosan in the adult population of Kinshasa: a cross-sectional study in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).","journal":"Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique","published":"2026-06-01","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"A cross-sectional biomonitoring study measured urinary concentrations of contaminants including benzophenone-3 in 145 adults in Kinshasa, concluding that exposure levels present public health concerns.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42226486","pmid":"42226486","pmcid":"PMC13362194","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c02433","title":"Affinity of Oxybenzone and Avobenzone toward Lipids in Model Membrane Systems: On the Role of Membranes in the Harmful Effect of UV Filters on Living Organisms.","journal":"Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids","published":"2026-06-01","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Oxybenzone and avobenzone interacted with model lipid monolayers, altering their properties by increasing fluidity, reducing stability, and causing morphological changes.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"European Commission\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42173340","pmid":"42173340","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.124825","title":"Sociodemographic and residential characteristics associated to persistent and non-persistent organic pollutants in household dust from Southern Spain. COVID-AND Study.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-05-21","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Analysis of household dust from Andalusia found parabens present across samples, with manual work positively associated with butylparaben levels.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42105886","pmid":"42105886","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2026.105040","title":"The impact of oxybenzone on the neurophysiological and oxidative stress response, dispersal and aggressiveness of the Invasive Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).","journal":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","published":"2026-05-07","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of Procambarus clarkii to oxybenzone caused muscle lipid peroxidation, altered metabolic biomarkers, and reduced eye acetylcholinesterase activity without significantly altering dispersal or aggressiveness.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Fundação para a Ciência\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42083724","pmid":"42083724","pmcid":"PMC13532813","doi":"10.1002/jat.70231","title":"Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme Response of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to Benzophenone-3 and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide.","journal":"Journal of applied toxicology : JAT","published":"2026-05-05","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of juvenile rainbow trout to benzophenone-3 alone and with DEET altered cytochrome P450 and antioxidant enzyme activities depending on dose.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42483579","pmid":"42483579","pmcid":"PMC13386372","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00679","title":"Combined Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors, BPA and BP-3, during Pregnancy and Lactation Alters Postnatal Body Mass, Growth, White Adipose Tissue Morphology, and Adipogenic Gene Expression in a Sex-Specific Manner.","journal":"Environment & health (Washington, D.C.)","published":"2026-04-20","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Perinatal exposure to benzophenone-3, alone and combined with bisphenol A, altered body mass, white adipose tissue morphology, and adipogenic gene expression in mouse offspring in a sex-specific manner.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42009148","pmid":"42009148","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2026.105027","title":"Synergistic effects of two commonly used personal care products, benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), on amphibian survival and development.","journal":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","published":"2026-04-18","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Benzophenone-3 and DEET produced lethality, oxidative stress, and cholinergic alterations in Rhinella arenarum embryos and larvae, exhibiting synergistic effects when administered as a mixture.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42009242","pmid":"42009242","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128132","title":"Melatonin safeguards embryo and blastoid development against oxybenzone toxicity via a mitochondrial-linked NAD<sup>+</sup> and glucose metabolic axis.","journal":"Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)","published":"2026-04-18","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Oxybenzone exposure impaired blastocyst formation, increased oxidative stress, and reduced developmental potential in mouse and human embryos, which was mitigated by melatonin supplementation.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:41985167","pmid":"41985167","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/15569527.2026.2649261","title":"Leveraging a TRPV1-overexpressing cell model: an integrated testing strategy for UV filter-induced ocular irritation.","journal":"Cutaneous and ocular toxicology","published":"2026-04-15","design":"in_vitro","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Testing of ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (octinoxate) showed it was nonirritating in BCOP and STE assays and did not activate TRPV1 channels in corneal epithelial cells.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:41936220","pmid":"41936220","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114794","title":"Pregnancy exposure to environmental phenols and breastfeeding duration in the HOME Study.","journal":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","published":"2026-04-04","design":"human_cohort","finding":"mixed","summary":"Prenatal benzophenone-3 was not consistently associated with breastfeeding duration, but each doubling in concentration was associated with 13% higher odds of terminating breastfeeding earlier than intended.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false}],"model":"gemini-3.8-flash","run":{"aiCalls":37,"cachedPapers":3,"offTopic":3,"inputTokens":25377,"outputTokens":5075}}