{"v":1,"ledgerId":"triclosan","generatedAt":"2026-11-05T20:51:03.074Z","query":"(TITLE:(\"Triclosan\" OR \"TRICLOSAN\" OR \"TRICLOCARBAN\" OR \"5-CHLORO-2-(2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY)PHENOL\" OR \"3380-34-5\") OR ABSTRACT:(\"Triclosan\" OR \"TRICLOSAN\" OR \"TRICLOCARBAN\" OR \"5-CHLORO-2-(2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY)PHENOL\" OR \"3380-34-5\")) AND (TOXICITY OR EXPOSURE OR \"ENDOCRINE\" OR \"REPRODUCTIVE\" OR CARCINOGEN* OR \"BIOMONITORING\" OR \"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW\") AND SRC:MED AND LANG:eng","totalPapers":2773,"lastYearPapers":181,"analysed":28,"byFunding":{"independent":15,"industry":0,"mixed":0,"none_declared":0,"unclear":13},"byDesign":{"human":5,"animal":7,"in_vitro":9,"review":1,"other":6},"byFinding":{"concern":21,"no_effect":6,"mixed":1},"gap":{"independent":{"concern":11,"total":15},"industry":{"concern":0,"total":0}},"fundingSources":{"full_text":2,"grant_metadata":16,"abstract":0,"none":10},"newestPublished":"2026-10-30","papers":[{"id":"pmid:42962471","pmid":"42962471","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120990","title":"Associations of environmental phenols exposure with gut microbiota in a general population from Shenzhen, China.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-10-30","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Urinary propylparaben exposure was significantly associated with altered gut microbial community structure and inhibition of amino-acid, carbohydrate, and terpenoid metabolism pathways in 241 adults.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42941926","pmid":"42941926","pmcid":"PMC13704932","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209143","title":"Potential Molecular Links Between Triclosan Exposure and Prostate Cancer: An Integrative Computational Analysis.","journal":"International journal of molecular sciences","published":"2026-10-15","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Integrative computational analysis identified shared molecular pathways and candidate targets, including ABCC4 and ACOX2, linking triclosan to prostate cancer biology.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Science and Technology Department\""],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42863735","pmid":"42863735","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbi.2026.112383","title":"Halogenated disinfectants inhibit human and rat 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 activity and disrupt estradiol synthesis: Implications for endocrine disruption.","journal":"Chemico-biological interactions","published":"2026-10-13","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan and other halogenated disinfectants inhibited rat 17β-HSD1 activity, indicating potential disruption of estrogen homeostasis.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42904148","pmid":"42904148","pmcid":"PMC13682359","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2026.117868","title":"Potential molecular links between triclosan exposure and osteoarthritis: An integrative systems toxicology study.","journal":"iScience","published":"2026-10-13","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Low-dose triclosan increased reactive oxygen species accumulation and altered osteoarthritis-related matrix and gene expression in primary rat chondrocytes.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42858663","pmid":"42858663","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143833","title":"Photodegradation of triclosan in SiO<sub>2</sub>-water heterogeneous systems: Mechanisms coupled with adsorption effects.","journal":"Journal of hazardous materials","published":"2026-10-06","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Irradiation of SiO2-water systems accelerated triclosan photodegradation via reactive oxygen species while adsorption and dissolved organic matter modulated degradation kinetics and byproduct yields.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42833033","pmid":"42833033","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120886","title":"Triclosan-induced trophoblast dysfunction is associated with activation of the circKAT6B/miR-204-5p/TCF12-PCDH9 axis during early pregnancy.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-10-05","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan exposure in pregnant mice and trophoblast cells disrupted early pregnancy outcomes and placental development via the circKAT6B/miR-204-5p/TCF12-PCDH9 axis.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42295839","pmid":"42295839","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag163","title":"Chronic toxicity of metal-organic mixtures to Daphnia magna: To what extent can Concentration Addition and Independent Action predict effects?","journal":"Environmental toxicology and chemistry","published":"2026-10-01","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Chronic toxicity testing of metal-organic mixtures, including triclosan, in Daphnia magna showed Independent Action predicted mixture toxicity more accurately than Concentration Addition.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"European Union\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42810541","pmid":"42810541","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fct.2026.116414","title":"Associations of bisphenol A, F and triclosan with serum lipids: the mediating effect of inflammation and oxidative stress.","journal":"Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association","published":"2026-09-29","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"In 792 adults, urinary bisphenol A was inversely associated with HDL-C and triglycerides and was associated with oxidative stress markers.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42800337","pmid":"42800337","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120814","title":"Life-stage-resolved toxicological assessment and environmental relevance of triclosan in the freshwater gastropod Biomphalaria glabrata.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-09-26","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan exposure caused life-stage-dependent lethal and sublethal toxic effects in Biomphalaria glabrata, with embryos being the most sensitive stage tested.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42789760","pmid":"42789760","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgag258","title":"Species-specific sensitivity to in vitro inhibition of the thyroperoxidase (TPO) enzyme by environmental pollutants for five fishes.","journal":"Environmental toxicology and chemistry","published":"2026-09-25","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclocarban inhibited thyroperoxidase enzyme activity across five phylogenetically diverse fish species in an in vitro assay.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42879923","pmid":"42879923","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.143683","title":"Low-dose triclosan induces neurotoxicity in zebrafish via gut microbiota disruption.","journal":"Journal of hazardous materials","published":"2026-09-20","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Low-dose triclosan exposure in female zebrafish induced neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and behavioral abnormalities mediated by gut microbiota disruption and lipopolysaccharide release.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42791720","pmid":"42791720","pmcid":"PMC13603304","doi":"10.3390/ani16182863","title":"Are Wild Boars Exposed to Triclosan and Triclocarban?","journal":"Animals : an open access journal from MDPI","published":"2026-09-11","design":"animal","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Triclocarban and triclosan were detected in 14.81% and 3.70% of wild boar hair samples, respectively, with higher levels and detection frequency in highly urbanized and industrialized areas.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"full_text","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42721924","pmid":"42721924","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120783","title":"Investigation of the molecular mechanism by which triclosan aggravates rheumatoid arthritis using network toxicology.","journal":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","published":"2026-09-10","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan induced macrophage senescence, M1 polarisation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro, indicating potential mechanisms that exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42713867","pmid":"42713867","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/10934529.2026.2731314","title":"Acute graded aerobic exercise and urinary bisphenol A and triclosan in overweight postmenopausal women: a randomized pilot study.","journal":"Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering","published":"2026-09-09","design":"human_rct","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A randomized pilot study in overweight postmenopausal women found no statistically significant difference in urinary triclosan concentrations between an acute aerobic exercise group and non-exercise controls.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42705437","pmid":"42705437","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125631","title":"Emerging contaminants and legacy pollutants exhibit contrasting exposure and hazard patterns in sediments and suspended particulate matter from an Antarctic coastal ecosystem.","journal":"Environmental research","published":"2026-09-07","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Analysis of Antarctic coastal samples showed triclosan was detected in suspended particulate matter and drove immediate ecological risk with a risk quotient greater than one.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42714837","pmid":"42714837","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c07298","title":"Environmental Exposure to Triclosan Promotes Rheumatoid Arthritis via KEAP1/NRF2 Inhibition and Subsequent IL-17 Signaling Activation.","journal":"Environmental science & technology","published":"2026-09-01","design":"other","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan was elevated in rheumatoid arthritis patients and aggravated arthritis in mice by binding KEAP1, inhibiting NRF2, and activating IL-17 signaling.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42725983","pmid":"42725983","pmcid":"PMC13573828","doi":"10.1021/acsinfecdis.6c00339","title":"Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Inhibitors─Fabimycin and Triclosan─Trigger Distinct Resistance Mutations in FabI and Potently Kill Gram-Negative Pathogens.","journal":"ACS infectious diseases","published":"2026-09-01","design":"in_vitro","finding":"mixed","summary":"Triclosan and fabimycin induced distinct, nonoverlapping resistance mutations in E. coli FabI with minimal cross-resistance, and resistant mutants displayed poor in vivo fitness.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIH\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42628895","pmid":"42628895","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cbi.2026.112311","title":"Triclosan induces DNA damage in human ovarian granulosa cells via mitochondrial superoxide overproduction mediated by suppressed glutathione synthesis.","journal":"Chemico-biological interactions","published":"2026-08-21","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan exposure induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in human granulosa cell lines through mitochondrial superoxide overproduction caused by suppressed glutathione synthesis.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42586354","pmid":"42586354","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128950","title":"Ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products on the microbiome and oxidative stress of freshwater crayfish Faxonius obscurus.","journal":"Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)","published":"2026-08-12","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of freshwater crayfish to a mixture containing triclosan induced dose-dependent microbiome disruptions and systemic oxidative stress across multiple body tissues.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42476445","pmid":"42476445","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tox.2026.154543","title":"Triclocarban drives intrahepatic cholangiocyte injury by triggering ferroptosis via the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 axis.","journal":"Toxicology","published":"2026-07-20","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclocarban induced cytotoxicity and ferroptosis in an intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoid model by disrupting iron metabolism and the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 antioxidant axis.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"National Natural Science Foundation of China\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42852388","pmid":"42852388","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1021/ehp.6c00017","title":"Associations of Urinary Triclosan Concentrations Across Gestation and Childhood with the Adolescent Gut Microbiome.","journal":"Environmental health perspectives","published":"2026-07-14","design":"human_cohort","finding":"concern","summary":"Higher gestational and childhood urinary triclosan concentrations were associated with lower adolescent gut microbiome diversity and a higher abundance of antibiotic resistance genes.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"NIEHS\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42380712","pmid":"42380712","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1007/s10096-026-05571-9","title":"Adaptive susceptibility shifts in Candidozyma auris following biocidal exposure: Exploratory effects on antifungal and biocidal susceptibility.","journal":"European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology","published":"2026-07-01","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Exposure of Candidozyma auris to triclosan induced reversible adaptive shifts in biocide and antifungal susceptibility along with altered efflux pump dynamics.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42347821","pmid":"42347821","pmcid":"PMC13724789","doi":"10.1111/ans.70805","title":"Depth and Procedure Specific Effects of Antimicrobial Versus Conventional Sutures on Surgical Site Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","journal":"ANZ journal of surgery","published":"2026-06-25","design":"systematic_review","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A systematic review found antimicrobial sutures containing triclosan or chlorhexidine significantly reduced deep surgical site infections, especially in abdominal and colorectal procedures, without reducing superficial infections.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42324035","pmid":"42324035","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128609","title":"Interactive effects of triclosan, microplastic vectors, and ocean warming-acidification on sea urchin embryo development.","journal":"Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)","published":"2026-06-21","design":"animal","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan inhibited growth and impaired embryonic development in Paracentrotus lividus, with effects altered by microplastics, ocean warming, and ocean acidification.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Ministry of\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42314431","pmid":"42314431","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.120025","title":"Multi-class contaminants of emerging concern in threatened coastal elasmobranchs: Novel evidence of early-life exposure in southeastern Brazil.","journal":"Marine pollution bulletin","published":"2026-06-18","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"Screening of coastal elasmobranchs from southeastern Brazil detected triclosan residues in the muscle of one juvenile scalloped hammerhead shark.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:42155372","pmid":"42155372","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jpba.2026.117556","title":"Development and validation of a GC-MS method for the simultaneous determination of bisphenols, phthalate monoesters, and triclosan in human meconium for comprehensive prenatal exposure assessment.","journal":"Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis","published":"2026-05-14","design":"other","finding":"no_effect","summary":"A GC-MS method was developed and validated to measure bisphenols, phthalates, and triclosan in human meconium, detecting triclosan in 12.0% of analyzed samples.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"University\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:41957945","pmid":"41957945","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1002/jat.70202","title":"The Biocide Triclosan Drives the Inflammatory Responses in Epithelial Cells and Macrophages via ROS-Mediated Activation of ERK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways.","journal":"Journal of applied toxicology : JAT","published":"2026-04-09","design":"in_vitro","finding":"concern","summary":"Triclosan treatment induced pro-inflammatory mediator expression in human lung epithelial cells and murine macrophages via ROS-mediated activation of ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways.","funding":"independent","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":["public: \"Department of Science and Technology\""],"fundingSource":"grant_metadata","verified":false},{"id":"pmid:41649132","pmid":"41649132","pmcid":"","doi":"10.1080/08037051.2026.2629115","title":"Association between urine triclocarban concentration and the prevalence of hypertension based on a cross-sectional study.","journal":"Blood pressure","published":"2026-02-10","design":"human_cross_sectional","finding":"concern","summary":"Higher urinary triclocarban concentrations were associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension in adults in a cross-sectional NHANES study.","funding":"unclear","conflictOfInterest":false,"fundingEvidence":[],"fundingSource":"none","verified":false}],"model":"gemini-3.8-flash","run":{"aiCalls":37,"cachedPapers":2,"offTopic":11,"inputTokens":24777,"outputTokens":4954}}